Aspects of vision
‘Vision’ means the ability to see objects, light and colour. The following terms describe different aspects of vision:
Vision acuity
Vision acuity is a measure of the ability of the eye to see detail. Vision acuity is tested with standard eye charts. Using this test, a person with a score of 6/6, or 20/20 has normal vision.
Distance vision
Distance vision is the ability to see objects clearly from a distance (usually from 6 meters or 20 feet)
Near vision
Near vision is the ability to see objects close up. Near vision is used for tasks such as reading books or newspapers, sewing, sorting etc..
Field of vision
Field of vision is the total area a person can see while their eye is directed straight ahead. For a person with normal vision, the total vision field with both eyes is approximately 180° to each side, and 155° up and down.
Activity
To get an idea of what ‘normal’ field of vision is, try this exercise:
Put your arms out wide. Look straight ahead, and slowly bring your arms inwards. Note when you can see your hands. This is the furthest reach of your field of vision to the side.
Put arm up above your head. Look straight ahead and slowly bring it downwards. Note when you can see your hand. This is the furthest reach of your field of vision upwards.
Put your arm down in front of you. Look straight ahead and slowly bring your arm upwards. Note when you see your hand. This is furthest reach of your field of vision downwards.
Note: If you do this activity and find that your field of vision is less than 180° to each side, and 155° up and down, it would be a good idea to see an eye health professional.
Vision function
Vision function is how a person uses the vision she or he has in their everyday life.
For a person with low vision, their vision function can be improved by changing the environment. For example:
- Larger print
- Contrasting colour markers labelling things or marking a path
- Bright light on objects being viewed